In this example the reader knows two things: one, there isn't an author because instead of citing the author the writer cites the article title ("Is Milk Healthy For Humans"). They argue that milk’s benefits include weight loss, strengthening bones, improved cardiovascular and oral health, cancer prevention, and relief of PMS" ("Is Milk Healthy for Humans"). As Jane Smith explains, A ducks quack doesnt. Keep things interesting for your readers by switching up the language and placement of your signal phrases. Notice the signal phrases (in bold print) used in the following examples. Let's look at one last example: " Proponents of milk say calcium and other vitamins and minerals in milk make it an important part of a healthful diet for people of all ages. 13.1: What is MLA, APA, and CMS 13.3: MLA Citation Examples. If you don't set up the sentence to indicate who the writer is, you should include that information in the parenthesis. A signal phrase with a verb must adhere to the chosen style, but other terms like in the words of or according to remains intact regardless of the citation style. Sign tense in signal phrases usually varies depending on your citation style. That is because the quote doesn't clearly indicate who the writer is. Signal phrases in different citation styles APA, MLA, and Chicago. In this example we see that the author's last name is in the parenthesis. Let's look at another example: "Standardized tests ineffectively measure student intelligence" (Brown). "Three phases of the separation response: protest, despair, and detachment" (Garelli). In MLA 9th edition, when you quote from electronic sources that do not provide page numbers (like Web pages), cite the author's name only. What if you are using an internet source? Add an in-text citation at the end of the quote with the author name and page number: When you quote directly from a source, enclose the quoted section in quotation marks. These two simple things, combined with the Works Cited page, tell the reader exactly where to find the original quote. Examples of signal phrases include the verbs: according to argues reports suggests It looks like this. The signal phrase might come at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence. In both examples you can see two things: who the author is (Wordsworth) and the page number (263) where you got the quote. It is usually accomplished by using a signal phrase or lead-in phrase, to alert the reader. Or, you could set it up by including all necessary information in the in-text citation: Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings " ( Wordsworth 263). Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (263). You can set up in text quotes by using something called a signal phrase, or you can set up a quote by including all the information in an in-text citation. Lincolns words carry a clear implication: it is arrogant and tyrannical for anyone to claim control over another as a natural state. You need to use in-text citations when you are citing/using information from an outside source, and that information is not common knowledge. In-text citations are the little parentheses that you use in your paper in order to tell the reader the name of the person/source that you are citing.
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